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Tool Use and Function Calling
Enable AI to call APIs, query databases, and use external tools. Build agentic systems that take actions in the world.
TL;DR
Function calling lets LLMs invoke external tools (APIs, databases, calculators). Model decides which function to call, generates parameters, you execute it, return results to model.
How it works
- Define available functions (name, parameters, description)
- LLM decides if/which function to call
- LLM generates function call with parameters (JSON)
- Your code executes function
- Return results to LLM
- LLM incorporates results into response
Use cases
- Query databases for real-time data
- Call APIs (weather, search, CRM)
- Perform calculations
- Send emails, create tasks
- Multi-step workflows
Implementation (OpenAI)
Define functions:
{
"name": "get_weather",
"description": "Get current weather",
"parameters": {
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"location": {"type": "string"}
}
}
}
Model generates:
{
"function": "get_weather",
"arguments": {"location": "Paris"}
}
You execute, return result, model responds.
Best practices
- Validate function calls before executing
- Handle errors gracefully
- Set timeouts
- Limit expensive operations
- Log all function calls
Security considerations
- Whitelist allowed functions
- Validate parameters
- Rate limit
- Never give unrestricted access
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Key Terms Used in This Guide
Agent
An AI system that can use tools, make decisions, and take actions to complete tasks autonomously rather than just answering questions.
Tool (Function Calling)
A capability that allows an AI to call external functions or APIsālike searching the web, querying databases, or running calculations.
AI (Artificial Intelligence)
Making machines perform tasks that typically require human intelligenceālike understanding language, recognizing patterns, or making decisions.
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